RHD*09.01.02 - RHD*DAR1.02
(ISBT table: RHD partial D v5.0)
This entry is an RHD allele.
DAR1.2, RHD(T201R,F223V,I342T), RHD(T201R,F223V,S248S,V319V,I342T), RHD*602C>G,667T>G,744C>T,957G>A,1025T>C, RHD*602G,667G,744T,957A,1025C, RHD*602G,667G,744T,957A,1025C (weak D type 4.2.2, DAR1.02), weak D type 4.2.2,
Molecular data
Phenotype
Main D phenotype: variable/discrepant (last update: Nov. 17, 2019)Reports by D phenotype
Other RH phenotypes: RH:-2, -3, -19,
Serology with monoclonal anti-D
- 2 samples, tested with Diagast Dscreen kit
- tested with a panel of anti-D but results not detailed
- tested with Diagast Dscreen kit, two samples heterozygous with RHef00061
- (Table S2)
- 2 samples; only a few anti-D tested
- 3 monoclonal IgG anti-D non-reactive with variant, 12 monoclonal IgG anti-D tested, 2 samples used as controls (Table S2)
Antigen Density (Ag/RBC)
- 904 Ag/RBC, 1 sample used as control, with 12 anti-D (Table S1)
- 614 Ag/RBC, 1 sample used as control, with 12 anti-D (Table S1)
- 142 Ag/RBC, 1 sample, heterozygous with RHef00061
- 144 Ag/RBC, 1 sample, heterozygous with RHef00061
- 794 and 894 Ag/RBC, 1 sample with 2 monoclonal anti-D (a third monoclonal anti-D gave results comparable with negative control)
- 1191 and 1303 Ag/RBC, 1 sample with 2 monoclonal anti-D (a third monoclonal anti-D gave results comparable with negative control)
- 1363 and 1676 Ag/RBC, 1 sample with 2 monoclonal anti-D (a third monoclonal anti-D gave results comparable with negative control)
- mean: 2090 Ag/RBC, 22 samples; Ag density estimated from a measure with a single monoclonal IgG anti-D, compared to a RH:1,2,3,4,5 control sample with an antigen density assumed to be about 27.500 Ag/RBC
More phenotype data
Rhesus Similarity Index
Haplotype
Main CcEe phenotype association: ce (last update: Aug. 15, 2020)ce | Ce | cE | CE | |
---|---|---|---|---|
ce | 234 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Ce | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
cE | 0 | 0 | ||
CE | 0 |
Reports by CcEe phenotype
Reports by allele association
Alloimmunization
Antibodies in carriers
Antibody specificity: D (RH1)
Summary: allo-anti-D (last update: Nov. 17, 2019)Detailed information
-
Wagner FF et al. Transfus Med Hemother (2014)
(RIR n°14)
- Ab specificity: D (RH1)
- Number (auto- or allo-):
- Number listed as allo-: 1
- Number listed as auto-:
- Number of carriers of the allele assessed:
- DAT:
- Autologuous control:
- Elution: ND
- Autoadsorption:
- Titer: 128
- Was anti-LW excluded?:
- Other antibodies detected: none
- Cross matches (with Ab and RBCs from different partial types):
- Transfusion history:
- Pregnancy history:
- Anti-D Ig history:
- Context:
- Hemolytic consequences:
- Comment:
Wagner FF et al. Blood (2000)
-
Pham BN et al. Immunohematology (2013)
- Ab specificity: D (RH1)
- Number (auto- or allo-): 12
- Number listed as allo-: 2
- Number listed as auto-:
- Number of carriers of the allele assessed: 93
- DAT: 14 negative
- Autologuous control: 13 negative, 1 positive
- Elution: 3 negative, 11 not tested
- Autoadsorption: 2 not auto-adsorbable, 12 not tested
- Titer: ND
- Was anti-LW excluded?: ND
- Other antibodies detected: with anti-RH18 in 8/14 individuals
- Cross matches (with Ab and RBCs from different partial types): ND
- Transfusion history: 4/14 potentially exposed through transfusion
- Pregnancy history:
- Anti-D Ig history: ND
- Context: ND
- Hemolytic consequences: ND
- Comment: 14 anti-D in 93 individuals with this allele, 2 were allo-anti-D, 12 cases could not be concluded from the incomplete serologic data
-
Dezan MR et al. Blood Cells Mol Dis (2017)
- Ab specificity: D (RH1)
- Number (auto- or allo-):
- Number listed as allo-: 5 samples, including one heterozygous with RHef00442 in trans
- Number listed as auto-:
- Number of carriers of the allele assessed:
- DAT: 46.2% of D+ patients with anti-D in this study had positive DAT (which patients are not specified)
- Autologuous control: ND
- Elution: ND
- Autoadsorption: ND
- Titer: ND
- Was anti-LW excluded?: ND
- Other antibodies detected: 3 with no other Ab, 2 with allo-anti-C and allo-anti-E
- Cross matches (with Ab and RBCs from different partial types): ND
- Transfusion history: yes, number and phenotypes ND
- Pregnancy history:
- Anti-D Ig history: ND, probably none
- Context: SCD patient
- Hemolytic consequences:
- Comment: 5 patients with allo-anti-D according to patient records, despite one sample having RHef00442 in trans; authors underline that "self-directed anti-D may have been missed"
-
Noizat-Pirenne F et al. Transfus Clin Biol (2011)
(review)
- Ab specificity: D (RH1)
- Number (auto- or allo-):
- Number listed as allo-: no new case detailed (listed as allo-anti-D)
- Number listed as auto-: NA
- Number of carriers of the allele assessed: NA
- DAT: NA
- Autologuous control: NA
- Elution: NA
- Autoadsorption: NA
- Titer: NA
- Was anti-LW excluded?: NA
- Other antibodies detected: NA
- Cross matches (with Ab and RBCs from different partial types): NA
- Transfusion history: NA
- Pregnancy history:
- Anti-D Ig history: NA
- Context: NA
- Hemolytic consequences: NA
- Comment: list of D variants associated with alloanti-D formation
Antibodies in D negative recipients
Alloimmunization in recipients: expected to be possible, see phenotype data
Reports
Summary: common allele, mainly in individuals of African descent, or compatible with such descent (last update: Dec. 9, 2020)Detailed reports
- 3 samples with weak D phenotype Austrian
- 1/10 (heterozygous with Rhef00008) individuals with D positive phenotype Bantu, subgroup Teke, Boma from villages in the north of Léfini river
- 3/110 random individuals with D negative phenotype Congolese (from the city of Brazzaville)
- 1/167 discrepant D testing results (donors?) Croatian
- 2/118 (htz with RHef00001) patients or donors with "diverse Rh phenotypes based on typing discrepancies, the presence of alloantibodies in antigen positive people or the presence of a low prevalence antigen marker" African American
- 2/50 (heterozygous with RHef00008) among 50 donors, the majority referred because of ambiguous little c antigen typing, found to have RHCE*ceMO (44 with RHef00008, 6 with RHef00442) in the USA population
- 3/316 (3 homo- or hemizygous, 4 heterozygous with RHef00442) 316 (280 D positive and 36 D negative) donors were genotyped African descent (FY:-1,-2) in the French population
- 25/42 (+1 heterozygous with RHef00007) among 42 samples typed DAR by molecular typing samples from several West European laboratories
- 93/748 among 748 individuals with D anomaly (weak or discrepant D phenotype or anti-D in individuals with D positive phenotype), 459 had D variants "that could be named weak D" (including alleles RHef00313, RHef00317 and RHef00318, as well as RHef00197 and RHef00283), 138 had partial D, 65 had no variant, 86 were not persued further (two variant alleles or incomplete or pending analysis) in the French population
- 2/520 (heterozygous, with RHef00061) among 520 D negative donors with C and/or E positive phenotype in the Brazilian population (Sao Paulo)
- 110/360 (+2 heterozygous) donors with atypical D phenotype (discrepancies or reactivity weaker than 3+) Brazilian
- 5/35 (3 hemizyygous, 1 heterozygous with RHef00442, 1 heterozygous with RHef00452) SCD patients with unexplained RH antibodies, explored by NGS sequencing in the Brazilian population (Sao Paolo)
- 1/223 donors with D negative phenotype, initially found to have D antigen expression (67 of the 223 samples of the cohort) or samples referred with discrepant or weak D typing, or discrepancies with previous typings, or anti-D in D positive individuals (156 of the 223 samples of the cohort) in the Indian population
- 67/273 (5 htz with RHef00605) donors with weak D phenotype in the Brazilian population
- 3 samples family study Afro descendant Brazilian
- 5 heterozygotes, 1 hemizygote among 278 samples selected for the development of nonspecific quantitative next-generation sequencing. (non-random samples, may have been reported in other studies)
Allele or phenotype frequency
Structure mapping
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References
- International Society of Blood Transfusion et al. International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) allele table Online ressource, 1935. — Online ressource — [RHeference]
- Wagner FF et al. Weak D alleles express distinct phenotypes. Blood, 2000. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Legler TJ et al. RHD sequencing: a new tool for decision making on transfusion therapy and provision of Rh prophylaxis. Transfus Med, 2001. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Wagner FF et al. The DAU allele cluster of the RHD gene. Blood, 2002. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Grootkerk-Tax MG et al. RHD(T201R, F223V) cluster analysis in five different ethnic groups and serologic characterization of a new Ethiopian variant DARE, the DIII type 6, and the RHD(F223V). Transfusion, 2006. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Touinssi M et al. Molecular analysis of inactive and active RHD alleles in native Congolese cohorts. Transfusion, 2009. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Flegel WA et al. D variants at the RhD vestibule in the weak D type 4 and Eurasian D clusters. Transfusion, 2009. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Noizat-Pirenne F et al. Relevance of RH variants in transfusion of sickle cell patients. Transfus Clin Biol, 2011. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Wagner FF and Flegel WA et al. The Human RhesusBase Online ressource, 2011. — Online ressource — [RHeference]
- Dogic V et al. Distribution of weak D types in the Croatian population. Transfus Med, 2011. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Reid ME et al. Molecular background of RH in Bastiaan, the RH:-31,-34 index case, and two novel RHD alleles. Immunohematology, 2012. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Pham BN et al. Molecular analysis of patients with weak D and serologic analysis of those with anti-D (excluding type 1 and type 2). Immunohematology, 2013. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Westhoff CM et al. RHCE*ceMO is frequently in cis to RHD*DAU0 and encodes a hr(S) -, hr(B) -, RH:-61 phenotype in black persons: clinical significance. Transfusion, 2013. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Reid ME et al. The low-prevalence Rh antigen STEM (RH49) is encoded by two different RHCE*ce818T alleles that are often in cis to RHD*DOL. Transfusion, 2013. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Lejon Crottet S et al. Serologic and molecular investigations of DAR1 (weak D Type 4.2), DAR1.2, DAR1.3, DAR2 (DARE), and DARA. Transfusion, 2013. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Kappler-Gratias S et al. Systematic RH genotyping and variant identification in French donors of African origin. Blood Transfus, 2014. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Arnoni CP et al. How do we identify RHD variants using a practical molecular approach? Transfusion, 2014. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Wagner FF et al. The Rhesus Site. Transfus Med Hemother, 2014. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Reid ME et al. Genomic analyses of RH alleles to improve transfusion therapy in patients with sickle cell disease. Blood Cells Mol Dis, 2014. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Costa S et al. RHD alleles and D antigen density among serologically D- C+ Brazilian blood donors. Transfus Med, 2014. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Costa SSM et al. Management of Blood Transfusion in a Patient Carrying Anti-Rh18 Associated with the RHD*Weak D 4.2.2/RHCE*ceAR Haplotype Blood Disorders & Transfusion, 2015. — Article — [RHeference]
- Srivastava K et al. The DAU cluster: a comparative analysis of 18 RHD alleles, some forming partial D antigens. Transfusion, 2016. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Dezan MR et al. RHD and RHCE genotyping by next-generation sequencing is an effective strategy to identify molecular variants within sickle cell disease patients. Blood Cells Mol Dis, 2017. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Ouchari M et al. Serologic and molecular characterization of weak D type 29. Transfusion, 2017. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Fichou Y et al. Molecular basis of weak D expression in the Indian population and report of a novel, predominant variant RHD allele. Transfusion, 2018. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Arnoni CP et al. Correlation among automated scores of agglutination, antigen density by flow cytometry and genetics of D variants. Transfus Apher Sci, 2019. [Citation] [RHeference]
- Floch A et al. Comment from Rheference Online ressource, 2020. — Online ressource — [RHeference]
- Stef M et al. RH genotyping by nonspecific quantitative next-generation sequencing. Transfusion, 2020. [Citation] [RHeference]
Last update: Jan. 8, 2021