RHD*01EL.08 - RHD*DEL8
(ISBT table: Weak D and Del v5.0)

This entry is an RHD allele.

RHD(IVS3+1G>A), RHD*486+1A, RHD*486+1A (IVS3+1A, DEL8), RHD*486+1G>A,
Download VCF file

Molecular data

Nucleotides: intronic 486G>A;

Amino acids: 0;

Hybrid allele encompassing at least one RHCE exon: no

Comments on the molecular basis:

  • sometimes additional IVS5-38del4 with R1r phenotype
  • same samples as in 22313164; digital PCR for non invasive fetal genotyping
  • NGS

Extracellular position of one or more amino acid substitutions:

  • Silent or intronic mutations: none of the mutations are predicted to affect an extracellular amino acid.

Splicing:

  • effect on splicing assumed to be responsible for phenotype
  • Splice site mutation

Unconventional prediction methods:

Phenotype

Main D phenotype: DEL (last update: Aug. 9, 2020)
Reports by D phenotype
  • Undetailed ambiguous D phenotype
    • Table S1
    • "weak D or questionnable D status"
  • DEL
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • study may overlap with 24679597
    • study may overlap with 24656493; adsorption-elution was performed
    • initially typed as D negative, adsorption-elution was performed but results not clear
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • ISBT classification
    • adsorption-elution was performed; overlaps with 999999913, may overlap with 19243542
    • adsorption-elution was performed; overlaps with 999999988, may overlap with 19243542
    • adsorption-elution was performed on at least one sample
    • adsorption-elution was performed; 5 samples negative, 1 DEL
    • adsorption-elution does not seem to have been performed
  • D negative
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • adsorption-elution was not performed
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • adsorption-elution was not performed
    • adsorption-elution was not performed
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • adsorption-elution was performed; overlaps with 999999913, may overlap with 19243542
    • adsorption-elution was performed; overlaps with 999999988, may overlap with 19243542
    • adsorption-elution not specified
    • adsorption-elution was performed; 5 samples negative, 1 DEL
    • adsorption-elution not sepecified
    • adsorption-elution was not performed
    • adsorption-elution was not performed
    • article states that adsorption-elution was performed, but for which samples it was done for is not clear
Other RH phenotypes: RH:-2, -3, -4, -5,
  • RH:-2 inferred from the reported RHCE phenotypes of the carriers
  • RH:-3 inferred from the reported RHCE phenotypes of the carriers
  • RH:-4 inferred from the reported RHCE phenotypes of the carriers
  • RH:-5 inferred from the reported RHCE phenotypes of the carriers
Serology with monoclonal anti-D
  • 21 anti-D tested, results not detailed
  • some anti-D tested, results not detailed; "Besides the investigation of D and RHD, we also examined all RBCs with anti-CD47, anti-CD241, and anti-LW by flow cytometry and found no significant differences in expression level compared to control RBCs (data not shown)"
  • epitope pattern by adsorption-elution only Dia-Clon (clones MS26 and TH28) but not Seraclone (clones BS221, H41 11B7, and BS232) anti-D could be eluted, indicating that this DEL type may be partial in nature.
  • negative reactions, with a panel of 10 monoclonal anti-D
Antigen Density (Ag/RBC)
  • <22 Ag/RBC, 1 sample
  • <22 Ag/RBC, 1 sample
  • 0 (below the limit of detection) Ag/RBC, 1 sample
More phenotype data
Rhesus Similarity Index

Haplotype

Main CcEe phenotype association: Ce is the most frequent association (last update: Jan. 8, 2021)
Number of samples reported by haplotype
ce Ce cE CE
ce 0 47 1 0
Ce 17 0 0
cE 1 0
CE 0
Reports by CcEe phenotype
  • with Ccee
    • 7 samples (study may overlap with 24656493) (study may overlap with 24679597)
    2 samples
    1 sample (considering RHCE genotyping, RHD zygosity and RHD allele, R1 was considered the most likely haplotype)
    3 samples
    6 samples
    5 samples
    23 samples
  • with cE
    • 1 sample
  • with ccEe
    • 1 sample
  • with Ce
    • 1 sample (study may overlap with 24679597)
    16 samples (16 samples, haplotype given, not patient phenotypes)
Main allele association:
Reports by allele association
  • RHCE*03 or RHCE*01
    • 1 sample
  • RHCE*cE or RHCE*Ce
    • 1 sample

Alloimmunization

Antibodies in carriers
Antibody specificity: D (RH1)
Summary: allo-anti-D (last update: Aug. 9, 2020)
Detailed information
    St-Louis R et al. Vox Sanguinis (2012)
  • Ab specificity: D (RH1)
  • Number (auto- or allo-):
  • Number listed as allo-:
  • Number listed as auto-:
  • Number of carriers of the allele assessed:
  • DAT:
  • Autologuous control:
  • Elution:
  • Autoadsorption:
  • Titer:
  • Was anti-LW excluded?:
  • Other antibodies detected:
  • Cross matches (with Ab and RBCs from different partial types):
  • Transfusion history:
  • Pregnancy history:
  • Anti-D Ig history:
  • Context:
  • Hemolytic consequences:
  • Comment:
    Gardener GJ et al. Transfusion (2012)
    Tsui NB et al. Prenat Diagn (2013) (same samples as in 22313164)
  • Ab specificity: D (RH1)
  • Number (auto- or allo-): 1
  • Number listed as allo-:
  • Number listed as auto-:
  • Number of carriers of the allele assessed:
  • DAT:
  • Autologuous control:
  • Elution:
  • Autoadsorption: not autoadsorbable
  • Titer:
  • Was anti-LW excluded?:
  • Other antibodies detected:
  • Cross matches (with Ab and RBCs from different partial types):
  • Transfusion history:
  • Pregnancy history:
  • Anti-D Ig history:
  • Context: obstetrics patient
  • Hemolytic consequences: HDN: newborn required phototherapy for mild hemolytic disease and anti-D was eluted from cord RBCs
  • Comment:
    Gardener GJ et al. Transfusion (2012)
    Tsui NB et al. Prenat Diagn (2013) (same samples as in 22313164)
  • Ab specificity: D (RH1)
  • Number (auto- or allo-): 1
  • Number listed as allo-:
  • Number listed as auto-:
  • Number of carriers of the allele assessed:
  • DAT:
  • Autologuous control:
  • Elution:
  • Autoadsorption:
  • Titer:
  • Was anti-LW excluded?:
  • Other antibodies detected:
  • Cross matches (with Ab and RBCs from different partial types):
  • Transfusion history:
  • Pregnancy history:
  • Anti-D Ig history:
  • Context: obstetrics patient
  • Hemolytic consequences:
  • Comment: newborn was compatible and unaffected
    Körmöczi GF et al. Transfusion (2005)
  • Ab specificity: D (RH1)
  • Number (auto- or allo-): 1
  • Number listed as allo-:
  • Number listed as auto-:
  • Number of carriers of the allele assessed:
  • DAT: negative
  • Autologuous control:
  • Elution:
  • Autoadsorption: not autoadsorbable
  • Titer: 32 (against ccDDEE RBCs in tube technique IAT)
  • Was anti-LW excluded?: ruled out
  • Other antibodies detected:
  • Cross matches (with Ab and RBCs from different partial types):
  • Transfusion history: none
  • Pregnancy history:
  • Anti-D Ig history:
  • Context:
  • Hemolytic consequences:
  • Comment:
    Körmöczi GF et al. Transfusion (2005)
  • Ab specificity: D (RH1)
  • Number (auto- or allo-): 1
  • Number listed as allo-:
  • Number listed as auto-:
  • Number of carriers of the allele assessed:
  • DAT: negative
  • Autologuous control:
  • Elution:
  • Autoadsorption: not autoadsorbable
  • Titer: 4 (against ccDDEE RBCs in tube technique IAT)
  • Was anti-LW excluded?: ruled out
  • Other antibodies detected:
  • Cross matches (with Ab and RBCs from different partial types):
  • Transfusion history: numerous untyped RBC units
  • Pregnancy history:
  • Anti-D Ig history:
  • Context:
  • Hemolytic consequences:
  • Comment:
Antibodies in D negative recipients

Alloimmunization in recipients: expected to be possible, see phenotype data

Reports

Summary: common allele, mainly in individuals of Central European (Caucasian) descent or compatible with such descent (last update: Jan. 6, 2021)
Detailed reports
  • 3/8442 8442 donors with D negative phenotype, screened for presence of the RHD gene in two surveys; 754 donors were C and/or E positive, the rest were ccee phenotype; 5 donors were revealed to be weakly D positive in the German population (Baden-Wurttemberg)
  • 1/738 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Austrian (state of Tyrol) population
  • 2/104 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Swiss (Bern and the canton of Bern) population
  • 0/400 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the German (states of Lower Saxony, Saxony- Anhalt, Thuringia, Oldenburg, and Bremen) population
  • 0/71 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Russian (Kirov Oblast) population
  • 3/333 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Slovenian population
  • 0/54 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the German (city of Braunschweig and eastern parts of Lower Saxony) population
  • 1 sample German Caucasian
  • 2/2427 among 3 first-time donors with D negative phenotype, but with amplification of RHD exons 4, 7, and 10 whithin 44,743 donors tested in the Austrian population, Upper Austria
  • 7 samples reported by a German lab
  • 24/23330 donor samples with D negative phenotype, tested for RHD exons 4, 7 and 10 (94 were PCR positive, 74 weak D or DEL in subsequent serologic analysis) in the Austrian population, Upper Austria
  • 16/96 among almost 3 million blood donations, 621685 had D negative phenotype; 46133 donors were first time donors with D negative phenotype and, when tested, 96 had RHD intron 4 in the German population
  • 2/7 donors with D negative phenotype (out of donor population 22000), C or E positive (leaves: 233 donors) and amplification of RHD exon 10 (leaves:7) Danish
  • 1/25 donors with "weak D or questionnable D status" explored by NGS to compare with Sanger sequencing in the Austrian population, Upper Austria
  • 1/4932 among donors with D negative phenotype, tested for RHD exons Danish (Copenhagen area)
  • 4/163 selected variants included for the development of a genotyping assay mainly in the Dutch population (samples may have been included in other studies)
  • 2/430 among samples with ambigous D phenotype in the French population (Table S1)
  • 1/31200 consecutive donors with D negative phenotype, tested for presence of RHD intron 4, exon 7 and/or exon 10 in the Polish population
  • 8/26243 donors with D negative phenotype in three studies with different inclusion criteria in the Swiss population (Zurich and Berne) (study may overlap with 24679597)
  • 7/25370 donors with D negative phenotype, screened for RHD exons 3 or 7, plus 5 and 10 in the Swiss population (study may overlap with 24656493)
  • 6/2027 2027 donors with D positive phenotype, C and/or E positive, screened for RHD exons 4, 5 and 10 and for DEL phenotype in the Australian population
  • 1/3526 donors with D negative phenotype Japanese
  • 3/37782 270 women with variant alleles among 37782 women with D negative phenotype, tested by quantitative fetal RHD genotyping designed to detect RHD exons 5 and 7 in the Dutch population
  • 1/1174 donors with D negative phenotype United States population (Los Angeles)
  • 1/526 among donors with D negative phenotype, C and/or E positive, tested for presence of the RHD gene in the Argentinean population (Northwestern Argentina)
  • 4/185 RH:–1,–4 or RH:–1,–5 recipients reported by a French lab
  • 1/310 donors with D negative phenotype, C and/or E positive in the Italian population
  • 3/274 donor with D negative phenotype Spanish
  • 41/136000 among about 136.000 donors with D negative phenotype, systematically tested for the presence of the RHD gene; the RHD gene was detected in 300 donors in the German population (some samples may overlap with other studies)
  • 18/46,756 first time donors donors with D negative phenotype, tested for RHD exon 7 and adsorption-elution with a polyclonal anti-D in the German population (Northern) (overlaps with 999999913; some samples may overlap with full publications) (overlaps with 999999988; some samples may overlap with 19243542)
  • 1/16,253 samples of pregnant women with D negative of weak D (2+ or less), screened for fetal RHD in the Finnish population
  • 2 hemizygotes among 278 samples selected for the development of nonspecific quantitative next-generation sequencing. (non-random samples, may have been reported in other studies)
Allele or phenotype frequency
  • 1/15152 (CI: 1/5610 - 1/55568) estimated allele frequency by testing 8442 donors with D negative phenotype, screened for presence of the RHD gene in two surveys; 754 donors were C and/or E positive, the rest were ccee phenotype; 5 donors were revealed to be weakly D positive in the German population (Baden-Wurttemberg)
  • allele not observed, lowest estimate: 1/4399 estimated allele frequency in samples with D negative phenotype but C and/or E positive, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the German (states of Lower Saxony, Saxony- Anhalt, Thuringia, Oldenburg, and Bremen) population
  • 1/2547 (CI: 1/943 - 1/9341) estimated allele frequency in samples with D negative phenotype but C and/or E positive, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Slovenian population
  • 1/18550 (CI: 1/3485 - 1/363667) estimated allele frequency in samples with D negative phenotype but C and/or E positive, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Austrian (state of Tyrol) population
  • 1/972 (CI: 1/691 - 1/1410) estimated allele frequency in individuals with D negative phenotype in the Austrian population, Upper Austria
  • 1/10400 (CI: 1/4024 - 1/38156) estimated allele frequency in individuals with D negative phenotype in the Polish population
  • 0.006 calculated in 16,253 samples of pregnant women with D negative of weak D (2+ or less), screened for fetal RHD in the Finnish population

2D diagram

generated using Protter extraintra Met1 Met1 Ser2 Ser2 Ser3 Ser3 Lys4 Lys4 Tyr5 Tyr5 Pro6 Pro6 Arg7 Arg7 Ser8 Ser8 Val9 Val9 Arg10 Arg10 10Arg11 Arg11 Cys12 Cys12 Leu13 Leu13 Pro14 Pro14 Leu15 Leu15 Trp16 Trp16 Ala17 Ala17 Leu18 Leu18 Thr19 Thr19 Leu20 Leu20 20Glu21 Glu21 Ala22 Ala22 Ala23 Ala23 Leu24 Leu24 Ile25 Ile25 Leu26 Leu26 Leu27 Leu27 Phe28 Phe28 Tyr29 Tyr29 Phe30 Phe30 30Phe31 Phe31 Thr32 Thr32 His33 His33 Tyr34 Tyr34 Asp35 Asp35 Ala36 Ala36 Ser37 Ser37 Leu38 Leu38 Glu39 Glu39 Asp40 Asp40 40Gln41 Gln41 Lys42 Lys42 Gly43 Gly43 Leu44 Leu44 Val45 Val45 Ala46 Ala46 Ser47 Ser47 Tyr48 Tyr48 Gln49 Gln49 Val50 Val50 50Gly51 Gly51 Gln52 Gln52 Asp53 Asp53 Leu54 Leu54 Thr55 Thr55 Val56 Val56 Met57 Met57 Ala58 Ala58 Ala59 Ala59 Ile60 Ile60 60Gly61 Gly61 Leu62 Leu62 Gly63 Gly63 Phe64 Phe64 Leu65 Leu65 Thr66 Thr66 Ser67 Ser67 Ser68 Ser68 Phe69 Phe69 Arg70 Arg70 70Arg71 Arg71 His72 His72 Ser73 Ser73 Trp74 Trp74 Ser75 Ser75 Ser76 Ser76 Val77 Val77 Ala78 Ala78 Phe79 Phe79 Asn80 Asn80 80Leu81 Leu81 Phe82 Phe82 Met83 Met83 Leu84 Leu84 Ala85 Ala85 Leu86 Leu86 Gly87 Gly87 Val88 Val88 Gln89 Gln89 Trp90 Trp90 90Ala91 Ala91 Ile92 Ile92 Leu93 Leu93 Leu94 Leu94 Asp95 Asp95 Gly96 Gly96 Phe97 Phe97 Leu98 Leu98 Ser99 Ser99 Gln100 Gln100 100Phe101 Phe101 Pro102 Pro102 Ser103 Ser103 Gly104 Gly104 Lys105 Lys105 Val106 Val106 Val107 Val107 Ile108 Ile108 Thr109 Thr109 Leu110 Leu110 110Phe111 Phe111 Ser112 Ser112 Ile113 Ile113 Arg114 Arg114 Leu115 Leu115 Ala116 Ala116 Thr117 Thr117 Met118 Met118 Ser119 Ser119 Ala120 Ala120 120Leu121 Leu121 Ser122 Ser122 Val123 Val123 Leu124 Leu124 Ile125 Ile125 Ser126 Ser126 Val127 Val127 Asp128 Asp128 Ala129 Ala129 Val130 Val130 130Leu131 Leu131 Gly132 Gly132 Lys133 Lys133 Val134 Val134 Asn135 Asn135 Leu136 Leu136 Ala137 Ala137 Gln138 Gln138 Leu139 Leu139 Val140 Val140 140Val141 Val141 Met142 Met142 Val143 Val143 Leu144 Leu144 Val145 Val145 Glu146 Glu146 Val147 Val147 Thr148 Thr148 Ala149 Ala149 Leu150 Leu150 150Gly151 Gly151 Asn152 Asn152 Leu153 Leu153 Arg154 Arg154 Met155 Met155 Val156 Val156 Ile157 Ile157 Ser158 Ser158 Asn159 Asn159 Ile160 Ile160 160Phe161 Phe161 Asn162 Asn162 Thr163 Thr163 Asp164 Asp164 Tyr165 Tyr165 His166 His166 Met167 Met167 Asn168 Asn168 Met169 Met169 Met170 Met170 170His171 His171 Ile172 Ile172 Tyr173 Tyr173 Val174 Val174 Phe175 Phe175 Ala176 Ala176 Ala177 Ala177 Tyr178 Tyr178 Phe179 Phe179 Gly180 Gly180 180Leu181 Leu181 Ser182 Ser182 Val183 Val183 Ala184 Ala184 Trp185 Trp185 Cys186 Cys186 Leu187 Leu187 Pro188 Pro188 Lys189 Lys189 Pro190 Pro190 190Leu191 Leu191 Pro192 Pro192 Glu193 Glu193 Gly194 Gly194 Thr195 Thr195 Glu196 Glu196 Asp197 Asp197 Lys198 Lys198 Asp199 Asp199 Gln200 Gln200 200Thr201 Thr201 Ala202 Ala202 Thr203 Thr203 Ile204 Ile204 Pro205 Pro205 Ser206 Ser206 Leu207 Leu207 Ser208 Ser208 Ala209 Ala209 Met210 Met210 210Leu211 Leu211 Gly212 Gly212 Ala213 Ala213 Leu214 Leu214 Phe215 Phe215 Leu216 Leu216 Trp217 Trp217 Met218 Met218 Phe219 Phe219 Trp220 Trp220 220Pro221 Pro221 Ser222 Ser222 Phe223 Phe223 Asn224 Asn224 Ser225 Ser225 Ala226 Ala226 Leu227 Leu227 Leu228 Leu228 Arg229 Arg229 Ser230 Ser230 230Pro231 Pro231 Ile232 Ile232 Glu233 Glu233 Arg234 Arg234 Lys235 Lys235 Asn236 Asn236 Ala237 Ala237 Val238 Val238 Phe239 Phe239 Asn240 Asn240 240Thr241 Thr241 Tyr242 Tyr242 Tyr243 Tyr243 Ala244 Ala244 Val245 Val245 Ala246 Ala246 Val247 Val247 Ser248 Ser248 Val249 Val249 Val250 Val250 250Thr251 Thr251 Ala252 Ala252 Ile253 Ile253 Ser254 Ser254 Gly255 Gly255 Ser256 Ser256 Ser257 Ser257 Leu258 Leu258 Ala259 Ala259 His260 His260 260Pro261 Pro261 Gln262 Gln262 Gly263 Gly263 Lys264 Lys264 Ile265 Ile265 Ser266 Ser266 Lys267 Lys267 Thr268 Thr268 Tyr269 Tyr269 Val270 Val270 270His271 His271 Ser272 Ser272 Ala273 Ala273 Val274 Val274 Leu275 Leu275 Ala276 Ala276 Gly277 Gly277 Gly278 Gly278 Val279 Val279 Ala280 Ala280 280Val281 Val281 Gly282 Gly282 Thr283 Thr283 Ser284 Ser284 Cys285 Cys285 His286 His286 Leu287 Leu287 Ile288 Ile288 Pro289 Pro289 Ser290 Ser290 290Pro291 Pro291 Trp292 Trp292 Leu293 Leu293 Ala294 Ala294 Met295 Met295 Val296 Val296 Leu297 Leu297 Gly298 Gly298 Leu299 Leu299 Val300 Val300 300Ala301 Ala301 Gly302 Gly302 Leu303 Leu303 Ile304 Ile304 Ser305 Ser305 Val306 Val306 Gly307 Gly307 Gly308 Gly308 Ala309 Ala309 Lys310 Lys310 310Tyr311 Tyr311 Leu312 Leu312 Pro313 Pro313 Gly314 Gly314 Cys315 Cys315 Cys316 Cys316 Asn317 Asn317 Arg318 Arg318 Val319 Val319 Leu320 Leu320 320Gly321 Gly321 Ile322 Ile322 Pro323 Pro323 His324 His324 Ser325 Ser325 Ser326 Ser326 Ile327 Ile327 Met328 Met328 Gly329 Gly329 Tyr330 Tyr330 330Asn331 Asn331 Phe332 Phe332 Ser333 Ser333 Leu334 Leu334 Leu335 Leu335 Gly336 Gly336 Leu337 Leu337 Leu338 Leu338 Gly339 Gly339 Glu340 Glu340 340Ile341 Ile341 Ile342 Ile342 Tyr343 Tyr343 Ile344 Ile344 Val345 Val345 Leu346 Leu346 Leu347 Leu347 Val348 Val348 Leu349 Leu349 Asp350 Asp350 350Thr351 Thr351 Val352 Val352 Gly353 Gly353 Ala354 Ala354 Gly355 Gly355 Asn356 Asn356 Gly357 Gly357 Met358 Met358 Ile359 Ile359 Gly360 Gly360 360Phe361 Phe361 Gln362 Gln362 Val363 Val363 Leu364 Leu364 Leu365 Leu365 Ser366 Ser366 Ile367 Ile367 Gly368 Gly368 Glu369 Glu369 Leu370 Leu370 370Ser371 Ser371 Leu372 Leu372 Ala373 Ala373 Ile374 Ile374 Val375 Val375 Ile376 Ile376 Ala377 Ala377 Leu378 Leu378 Met379 Met379 Ser380 Ser380 380Gly381 Gly381 Leu382 Leu382 Leu383 Leu383 Thr384 Thr384 Gly385 Gly385 Leu386 Leu386 Leu387 Leu387 Leu388 Leu388 Asn389 Asn389 Leu390 Leu390 390Lys391 Lys391 Ile392 Ile392 Trp393 Trp393 Lys394 Lys394 Ala395 Ala395 Pro396 Pro396 His397 His397 Glu398 Glu398 Ala399 Ala399 Lys400 Lys400 400Tyr401 Tyr401 Phe402 Phe402 Asp403 Asp403 Asp404 Asp404 Gln405 Gln405 Val406 Val406 Phe407 Phe407 Trp408 Trp408 Lys409 Lys409 Phe410 Phe410 410Pro411 Pro411 His412 His412 Leu413 Leu413 Ala414 Ala414 Val415 Val415 Gly416 Gly416 Phe417 Phe417 417 MSSKYPRSVRRCLPLWALTLEAALILLFYFFTHYDASLEDQKGLVASYQVGQDLTVMAAIGLGFLTSSFRRHSWSSVAFNLFMLALGVQWAILLDGFLSQFPSGKVVITLFSIRLATMSALSVLISVDAVLGKVNLAQLVVMVLVEVTALGNLRMVISNIFNTDYHMNMMHIYVFAAYFGLSVAWCLPKPLPEGTEDKDQTATIPSLSAMLGALFLWMFWPSFNSALLRSPIERKNAVFNTYYAVAVSVVTAISGSSLAHPQGKISKTYVHSAVLAGGVAVGTSCHLIPSPWLAMVLGLVAGLISVGGAKYLPGCCNRVLGIPHSSIMGYNFSLLGLLGEIIYIVLLVLDTVGAGNGMIGFQVLLSIGELSLAIVIALMSGLLTGLLLNLKIWKAPHEAKYFDDQVFWKFPHLAVGF MSSKYPRSVRRCLPLWALTLEAALILLFYFFTHYDASLEDQKGLVASYQVGQDLTVMAAIGLGFLTSSFRRHSWSSVAFNLFMLALGVQWAILLDGFLSQFPSGKVVITLFSIRLATMSALSVLISVDAVLGKVNLAQLVVMVLVEVTALGNLRMVISNIFNTDYHMNMMHIYVFAAYFGLSVAWCLPKPLPEGTEDKDQTATIPSLSAMLGALFLWMFWPSFNSALLRSPIERKNAVFNTYYAVAVSVVTAISGSSLAHPQGKISKTYVHSAVLAGGVAVGTSCHLIPSPWLAMVLGLVAGLISVGGAKYLPGCCNRVLGIPHSSIMGYNFSLLGLLGEIIYIVLLVLDTVGAGNGMIGFQVLLSIGELSLAIVIALMSGLLTGLLLNLKIWKAPHEAKYFDDQVFWKFPHLAVGF MSSKYPRSVRRCLPLWALTLEAALILLFYFFTHYDASLEDQKGLVASYQVGQDLTVMAAIGLGFLTSSFRRHSWSSVAFNLFMLALGVQWAILLDGFLSQFPSGKVVITLFSIRLATMSALSVLISVDAVLGKVNLAQLVVMVLVEVTALGNLRMVISNIFNTDYHMNMMHIYVFAAYFGLSVAWCLPKPLPEGTEDKDQTATIPSLSAMLGALFLWMFWPSFNSALLRSPIERKNAVFNTYYAVAVSVVTAISGSSLAHPQGKISKTYVHSAVLAGGVAVGTSCHLIPSPWLAMVLGLVAGLISVGGAKYLPGCCNRVLGIPHSSIMGYNFSLLGLLGEIIYIVLLVLDTVGAGNGMIGFQVLLSIGELSLAIVIALMSGLLTGLLLNLKIWKAPHEAKYFDDQVFWKFPHLAVGF MSSKYPRSVRRCLPLWALTLEAALILLFYFFTHYDASLEDQKGLVASYQVGQDLTVMAAIGLGFLTSSFRRHSWSSVAFNLFMLALGVQWAILLDGFLSQFPSGKVVITLFSIRLATMSALSVLISVDAVLGKVNLAQLVVMVLVEVTALGNLRMVISNIFNTDYHMNMMHIYVFAAYFGLSVAWCLPKPLPEGTEDKDQTATIPSLSAMLGALFLWMFWPSFNSALLRSPIERKNAVFNTYYAVAVSVVTAISGSSLAHPQGKISKTYVHSAVLAGGVAVGTSCHLIPSPWLAMVLGLVAGLISVGGAKYLPGCCNRVLGIPHSSIMGYNFSLLGLLGEIIYIVLLVLDTVGAGNGMIGFQVLLSIGELSLAIVIALMSGLLTGLLLNLKIWKAPHEAKYFDDQVFWKFPHLAVGF

Structure mapping

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Links

The Human RhesusBase
Genbank:
Erythrogene

References

  1. International Society of Blood Transfusion et al. International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) allele table Online ressource, 1935. — Online ressource — [RHeference]
  2. Wagner FF et al. RHD positive haplotypes in D negative Europeans. BMC Genet, 2001. [Citation] [RHeference]
  3. R. A. Laycock et al. A Case of a DEL Woman Being Immunised to Produce Anti-D which Caused Severe HDFN Transfusion Medicine, 2005. — Abstract — [RHeference]
  4. Gassner C et al. Presence of RHD in serologically D-, C/E+ individuals: a European multicenter study. Transfusion, 2005. [Citation] [RHeference]
  5. Körmöczi GF et al. A comprehensive analysis of DEL types: partial DEL individuals are prone to anti-D alloimmunization. Transfusion, 2005. [Citation] [RHeference]
  6. Flegel WA et al. How I manage donors and patients with a weak D phenotype. Curr Opin Hematol, 2006. [Citation] [RHeference]
  7. von Zabern I et al. IVS5-38del4 deletion in the RHD gene does not cause a DEL phenotype: relevance for RHD alleles including DFR-3. Transfusion, 2007. [Citation] [RHeference]
  8. Nogues N et al. RHD null alleles in the Spanish population Vox Sanguinis, 2007. — Abstract — [RHeference]
  9. Polin H et al. Effective molecular RHD typing strategy for blood donations. Transfusion, 2007. [Citation] [RHeference]
  10. Flegel WA et al. Six years' experience performing RHD genotyping to confirm D- red blood cell units in Germany for preventing anti-D immunizations. Transfusion, 2009. [Citation] [RHeference]
  11. Polin H et al. Identification of RHD alleles with the potential of anti-D immunization among seemingly D- blood donors in Upper Austria. Transfusion, 2009. [Citation] [RHeference]
  12. Christiansen M et al. RHD positive among C/E+ and D- blood donors in Denmark. Transfusion, 2010. [Citation] [RHeference]
  13. Stabentheiner S et al. Overcoming methodical limits of standard RHD genotyping by next-generation sequencing. Vox Sang, 2011. [Citation] [RHeference]
  14. Krog GR et al. Is current serologic RhD typing of blood donors sufficient for avoiding immunization of recipients? Transfusion, 2011. [Citation] [RHeference]
  15. F F Wagner et al. Single Adsorption / Elution with Anti-D May Be Insufficient to Determine the D Antigen Status of Very Weak DEL Alleles Transfusion, 2012. — Abstract — [RHeference]
  16. Wagner FF et al. RHD PCR of blood donors in Northern Germany: use of adsorption/elution to determine D antigen status Vox Sanguinis, 2012. — Abstract — [RHeference]
  17. St-Louis R et al. DEL Blood donors alloimmunised patients: the Canadian experience Vox Sanguinis, 2012. — Abstract — [RHeference]
  18. Gardener GJ et al. Anti-D in pregnant women with the RHD(IVS3+1G>A)-associated DEL phenotype. Transfusion, 2012. [Citation] [RHeference]
  19. Orzińska A et al. RHD variants in Polish blood donors routinely typed as D-. Transfusion, 2013. [Citation] [RHeference]
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Last update: Jan. 8, 2021