apparently RHD*01 with unexpected serology
(ISBT table: not listed)

This entry is partly characterized.

apparently standard RHD with unexpected serology,
Download VCF file

Molecular data

Nucleotides:

Amino acids:

Hybrid allele encompassing at least one RHCE exon: NA

Comments on the molecular basis:

  • 10 exons sequenced
  • no alterations at all in exon 1–10 including adjacent intronic sequences of the RHD locus
  • exons 1 to 10 wild type
  • "complete RHD-specific nucleotides without polymorphisms were present"
  • "normal RHD in the sequence of the 10 exons and at least 10 nucleotides of the intron sequences flanking the exons"
  • sequencing of all 10 exons and adjacent intron sequences
  • no mutations in RHD exons, intron boundaries and promoter region
  • one sample had RHAG c.808G>A, one sample had no mutations neither in RHD nor in RHAG
  • no mutations in all 10 RHD exons, 20 intronic nucleotides flanking each exon, 5' and 3' untranslated regions of RHD, and the "putative cis-regulatory region of RHD"
  • For 3 samples with D negative phenotype and 5 with weak D phenotype, no polymorphisms were found in the promoter region, exon and adjacent flanking regions
  • Sequence of the 10 RHD exons and the promoter region
  • no RHD variant was detected, but hematopoietic chimerism was responsible for an aberrant RHD copy number
  • QMPSF and sequencing of RHD exons; introns were not sequenced
  • QMPSF and sequencing of the 10 RHD exons
  • "No mutations in coding exons, exon–intron boundaries and promoter region"
  • Inno-Train genotyping kit
  • 10 exons of RHD were sequenced, 2 samples heterozygous with RHef00122
  • 10 exons of RHD and RHAG were sequenced
  • chimera

Extracellular position of one or more amino acid substitutions:

Splicing:

Unconventional prediction methods:

Phenotype

Main D phenotype: unexpected D negative of weak D phenotype in the absence of molecular variants (last update: Jan. 8, 2021)
Reports by D phenotype
  • Undetailed ambiguous D phenotype
    • Table S1
    • "weak D or questionnable D status"
    • "depressed D phenotype, discordant results between two anti-D reagents, or anti-D in individuals with a D+ phenotype"
    • newborn with a strong positive DAT due to maternal anti-D that interferred with serology
  • Figure 7
  • Mixed field reaction
  • Discrepant D phenotype (negative or positive depending on anti-D reagents and techniques)
    • donors initially documented as D negative
  • Figure 7
  • Mixed field reaction
  • Weak D phenotype
    • attributed to suppressive effect of C
    • "weak/partial" phenotype
    • attributed to the suppressive effect of Ce
    • heterozygous with RHef00315
  • Figure 7
  • Mixed field reaction
  • DEL
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • 3 samples, adsorption-elution was performed
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • adsorption-elution was performed
  • Figure 7
  • Mixed field reaction
  • D negative
    • study may overlap with 24679597
    • adsorption-elution was performed
    • initially typed as D negative
    • initially typed as D negative, adsorption-elution was performed but results not clear
    • adsorption-elution was not performed
    • adsorption-elution was not performed
    • 1 sample, adsorption-elution was performed
  • Figure 7
  • Mixed field reaction
Other RH phenotypes: RH:
Serology with monoclonal anti-D
  • tested with Diagast Dscreen kit
  • only a few anti-D tested
Antigen Density (Ag/RBC)
  • 35 Ag/RBC, 1 sample
  • 6437 Ag/RBC, 1 R1r sample with low antigen density, 2 monoclonal anti-D
  • 7715 Ag/RBC, 1 R1r sample with low antigen density, 2 monoclonal anti-D
  • 7913 Ag/RBC, 1 R1r sample with low antigen density, 2 monoclonal anti-D
  • 13617 Ag/RBC, 1 R2r sample with low antigen density, 2 monoclonal anti-D
  • 13879 Ag/RBC, 1 R2r sample with low antigen density, 2 monoclonal anti-D
  • 13973 Ag/RBC, 1 R2r sample with low antigen density, 2 monoclonal anti-D
  • 10578 Ag/RBC, 1 R0r sample with low antigen density, 2 monoclonal anti-D
  • 10766 Ag/RBC, 1 R0r sample with low antigen density, 2 monoclonal anti-D
  • 11421 Ag/RBC, 1 R0r sample with low antigen density, 2 monoclonal anti-D
  • 11473 Ag/RBC, 1 R0r sample with low antigen density, 2 monoclonal anti-D
  • Ag/RBC, 9 CDe/cDe, 9 CDe/CDe and 11 cDe/Cde samples; Ag density estimated from a measure with a single monoclonal IgG anti-D, compared to a RH:1,2,3,4,5 control sample with an antigen density assumed to be about 27.500 Ag/RBC
More phenotype data
Rhesus Similarity Index

Haplotype

Main CcEe phenotype association: Ce, but not a systematic association (last update: Jan. 6, 2021)
Number of samples reported by haplotype
ce Ce cE CE
ce 5 30 4 0
Ce 27 1 0
cE 0 0
CE 0
Reports by CcEe phenotype
  • with Ccee
    • 9 samples
    1 sample
    2 samples (1 sample heterozygous with RHef00777)
    6 samples
    5 samples
    3 samples
    4 samples
  • with ce
    • 1 sample (1 sample heterozygous with RHef00447)
    4 samples
  • with CcEe
    • 1 sample (heterozygous with RHef00122)
  • with Ce
    • 2 samples (2 samples, haplotype given, not patient phenotype)
    1 sample (1 sample, haplotype given, not patient phenotype)
    5 samples
    4 samples
    15 samples
  • with ccEe
    • 1 sample (heterozygous with RHef00119)
    3 samples
Main allele association: NA
Reports by allele association

Alloimmunization

Antibodies in carriers
Antibody specificity: D (RH1)
Summary: not relevant (last update: Jan. 6, 2021)
Detailed information
    Fichou Y et al. Transfusion (2018)
  • Ab specificity: D (RH1)
  • Number (auto- or allo-): 1
  • Number listed as allo-:
  • Number listed as auto-:
  • Number of carriers of the allele assessed:
  • DAT: negative
  • Autologuous control: negative
  • Elution: ND
  • Autoadsorption: ND
  • Titer: 4
  • Was anti-LW excluded?: ND
  • Other antibodies detected: non
  • Cross matches (with Ab and RBCs from different partial types): ND
  • Transfusion history: transfused with D+ RBC units 4 or 5 years before Ab screening test
  • Pregnancy history:
  • Anti-D Ig history: ND, probably none
  • Context: postnatal patient
  • Hemolytic consequences: no HDN; baby's DAT was negative
  • Comment:
Antibodies in D negative recipients

Alloimmunization in recipients: yes, see detailed reports and phenotype data

    Wagner FF et al. BMC Genet (2001)
  • Ab specificity: D (RH1)
  • Number of cases: 2
  • Exposures: transfusion, allele carried by the donor
  • Imputability:
  • Comment: chimera with 6% D positive and 94% D negative RBC

Reports

Summary: frequent descriptions, described in all populations (last update: June 12, 2020)
Detailed reports
  • 1/8442 (1 of the 5 donors who were really weakly D positive) 8442 donors with D negative phenotype, screened for presence of the RHD gene in two surveys; 754 donors were C and/or E positive, the rest were ccee phenotype; 5 donors were revealed to be weakly D positive in the German population (Baden-Wurttemberg)
  • 0/738 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Austrian population, Tyrol
  • 0/104 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Swiss population, Bern and the canton of Bern
  • 8/400 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the German (states of Lower Saxony, Saxony- Anhalt, Thuringia, Oldenburg, and Bremen) population
  • 0/71 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Russian (Kirov Oblast) population
  • 1/333 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Slovenian population
  • 0/54 samples with D negative, but C and/or E positive phenotype, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the German (city of Braunschweig and eastern parts of Lower Saxony) population
  • 1/55 (newborn with a strong positive DAT due to maternal anti-D that interferred with serology) 55 discrepant or weak D phenotypes among 33864 multiethnic patients (of African, Asian, Indoasian and European extraction) in the Canadian (Toronto) population
  • 2/32 weak D phenotype or discordant between tube and IAT whithin a population of 305572 Chinese Han and minority donors Chinese Han
  • 28/191 (16 donors and 12 patients) among 191 samples with weak D expression or unclear D phenotype within 44,743 donors and 8,604 patients tested in the Austrian population, Upper Austria
  • 1/1113 pregnant D negative women tested for fetal non invasive genotyping, RHD exons 5 and 7 in the German population
  • 1/96 among almost 3 million blood donations, 621685 had D negative phenotype; 46133 donors were first time donors with D negative phenotype and, when tested, 96 had RHD intron 4 in the German population
  • 5/25 donors with "weak D or questionnable D status" explored by NGS to compare with Sanger sequencing in the Austrian population, Upper Austria
  • 1/239 (heterozygous with RHef00447) among 2007 unrelated donors, 239 phenotyped as D negative were tested for RHD Intron 4 and Exon 10 in the Brazilian population, mainly racially mixed non-white skin color individuals, Sao Paulo
  • 2/16 among 2007 unrelated donors, 16 with weak D phenotype in the Brazilian population (Sao Paulo, mainly racially mixed non-white skin color individuals)
  • 65/748 among 748 individuals with D anomaly (weak or discrepant D phenotype or anti-D in individuals with D positive phenotype), 459 had D variants "that could be named weak D" (including alleles RHef00313, RHef00317 and RHef00318, as well as RHef00197 and RHef00283), 138 had partial D, 65 had no variant, 86 were not persued further (two variant alleles or incomplete or pending analysis) in the French population
  • 1/520 among 520 donors with D negative phenotype, C and/or E positive in the Brazilian population, Sao Paulo
  • 2/2027 2027 donors with D negative phenotype, C and/or E positive, screened for RHD exons 4, 5 and 10 and for DEL phenotype in the Australian population
  • 9/58 within a donor population of 38836, 4272 initially typed D negative and 58 of these were found to be weak D with different reagents Albanian
  • 3/37782 270 women with variant alleles among 37782 women with D negative phenotype, tested by quantitative fetal RHD genotyping designed to detect RHD exons 5 and 7 in the Dutch population
  • 37/223 (including 1 heterozygous with RHef00183) donors with D negative phenotype initially, found to have D antigen expression (67 of the 223 samples of the cohort) or samples referred with discrepant or weak D typing, or discrepancies with previous typings, or anti-D in D positive individuals (156 of the 223 samples of the cohort) in the Indian population
  • 2/26 (1 had RHAG c.808G>A, the other had normal RHAG) 26 samples with weak D phenotype, analyzed by NGS Caucasian, in the UK population, Bristol
  • 3/23 (2 heterozygous, one with RHD-CE(7)-D the other with RHD(V270A)) donors with weak D phenotype (among 4458 random donors, 4028 types D positive including 19 weak D phenotype, 420 typed D negative including 4 showed to be weak D by further serological testing; in total 23 donors had weak D phenotype) in the Maroccan population
  • 11/61 donors with weak D phenotype Serbia
  • 5/231 231 donors with weak D phenotype in the Argentinean population, Northwestern Argentina
  • 3/526 among donors with D negative phenotype, C and/or E positive, tested for presence of the RHD gene in the Argentinean population (Northwestern Argentina)
  • 29/273 donors with weak D phenotype in the Brazilian population
  • 23/129 (12 hemizygous, 8 homozygous, 3 heterozygous with RHef00122) donors with weak D phenotype Thai
  • 1/18537 18537 donors with D negative phenotype, were tested for the presence of RHD DNA sequences, 154 samples were positive for one or several RHD exons in the Swiss population
  • 2/163 selected variants included for the development of a genotyping assay mainly in the Dutch population (samples may have been included in other studies)
  • 36/430 among samples with ambigous D phenotype in the French population (Table S1)
  • 3/26243 donors with D negative phenotype in three studies with different inclusion criteria in the Swiss population, Zurich and Bern (study may overlap with 24679597)
  • 1/25370 donors with D negative phenotype, screened for RHD exons 3 or 7, plus 5 and 10 in the Swiss population (study may overlap with 24656493)
  • 1/16,253 (heterozygous with RHef00315) samples of pregnant women with D negative of weak D (2+ or less), screened for fetal RHD in the Finnish population
  • 4/6523 D negative donors underwent molecular screening for RHD exons 7 and 10 (RHD sequences were detected in 23/6523) in the Croatian population
Allele or phenotype frequency
  • 1/1807 (CI: 1/969 - 1/4399) estimated allele frequency in samples with D negative phenotype but C and/or E positive, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the German (states of Lower Saxony, Saxony- Anhalt, Thuringia, Oldenburg, and Bremen) population
  • 1/7641 (CI: 1/1436 - 1/149823) estimated allele frequency in samples with D negative phenotype but C and/or E positive, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Slovenian population
  • allele not observed, lowest estimate: 1/5646 estimated allele frequency in samples with D negative phenotype but C and/or E positive, screened for RHD specific sequences (in the 5'UTR region, exon 3 and exon 10) in the Austrian (state of Tyrol) population
  • 1/160 calculated allele frequency among donors with D negative and C and/or E positive phenotype in the Croatian population
  • 1/1630 calculated allele frequency among donors with D negative phenotype in the Croatian population

2D diagram

generated using Protter extraintra Met1 Met1 Ser2 Ser2 Ser3 Ser3 Lys4 Lys4 Tyr5 Tyr5 Pro6 Pro6 Arg7 Arg7 Ser8 Ser8 Val9 Val9 Arg10 Arg10 10Arg11 Arg11 Cys12 Cys12 Leu13 Leu13 Pro14 Pro14 Leu15 Leu15 Trp16 Trp16 Ala17 Ala17 Leu18 Leu18 Thr19 Thr19 Leu20 Leu20 20Glu21 Glu21 Ala22 Ala22 Ala23 Ala23 Leu24 Leu24 Ile25 Ile25 Leu26 Leu26 Leu27 Leu27 Phe28 Phe28 Tyr29 Tyr29 Phe30 Phe30 30Phe31 Phe31 Thr32 Thr32 His33 His33 Tyr34 Tyr34 Asp35 Asp35 Ala36 Ala36 Ser37 Ser37 Leu38 Leu38 Glu39 Glu39 Asp40 Asp40 40Gln41 Gln41 Lys42 Lys42 Gly43 Gly43 Leu44 Leu44 Val45 Val45 Ala46 Ala46 Ser47 Ser47 Tyr48 Tyr48 Gln49 Gln49 Val50 Val50 50Gly51 Gly51 Gln52 Gln52 Asp53 Asp53 Leu54 Leu54 Thr55 Thr55 Val56 Val56 Met57 Met57 Ala58 Ala58 Ala59 Ala59 Ile60 Ile60 60Gly61 Gly61 Leu62 Leu62 Gly63 Gly63 Phe64 Phe64 Leu65 Leu65 Thr66 Thr66 Ser67 Ser67 Ser68 Ser68 Phe69 Phe69 Arg70 Arg70 70Arg71 Arg71 His72 His72 Ser73 Ser73 Trp74 Trp74 Ser75 Ser75 Ser76 Ser76 Val77 Val77 Ala78 Ala78 Phe79 Phe79 Asn80 Asn80 80Leu81 Leu81 Phe82 Phe82 Met83 Met83 Leu84 Leu84 Ala85 Ala85 Leu86 Leu86 Gly87 Gly87 Val88 Val88 Gln89 Gln89 Trp90 Trp90 90Ala91 Ala91 Ile92 Ile92 Leu93 Leu93 Leu94 Leu94 Asp95 Asp95 Gly96 Gly96 Phe97 Phe97 Leu98 Leu98 Ser99 Ser99 Gln100 Gln100 100Phe101 Phe101 Pro102 Pro102 Ser103 Ser103 Gly104 Gly104 Lys105 Lys105 Val106 Val106 Val107 Val107 Ile108 Ile108 Thr109 Thr109 Leu110 Leu110 110Phe111 Phe111 Ser112 Ser112 Ile113 Ile113 Arg114 Arg114 Leu115 Leu115 Ala116 Ala116 Thr117 Thr117 Met118 Met118 Ser119 Ser119 Ala120 Ala120 120Leu121 Leu121 Ser122 Ser122 Val123 Val123 Leu124 Leu124 Ile125 Ile125 Ser126 Ser126 Val127 Val127 Asp128 Asp128 Ala129 Ala129 Val130 Val130 130Leu131 Leu131 Gly132 Gly132 Lys133 Lys133 Val134 Val134 Asn135 Asn135 Leu136 Leu136 Ala137 Ala137 Gln138 Gln138 Leu139 Leu139 Val140 Val140 140Val141 Val141 Met142 Met142 Val143 Val143 Leu144 Leu144 Val145 Val145 Glu146 Glu146 Val147 Val147 Thr148 Thr148 Ala149 Ala149 Leu150 Leu150 150Gly151 Gly151 Asn152 Asn152 Leu153 Leu153 Arg154 Arg154 Met155 Met155 Val156 Val156 Ile157 Ile157 Ser158 Ser158 Asn159 Asn159 Ile160 Ile160 160Phe161 Phe161 Asn162 Asn162 Thr163 Thr163 Asp164 Asp164 Tyr165 Tyr165 His166 His166 Met167 Met167 Asn168 Asn168 Met169 Met169 Met170 Met170 170His171 His171 Ile172 Ile172 Tyr173 Tyr173 Val174 Val174 Phe175 Phe175 Ala176 Ala176 Ala177 Ala177 Tyr178 Tyr178 Phe179 Phe179 Gly180 Gly180 180Leu181 Leu181 Ser182 Ser182 Val183 Val183 Ala184 Ala184 Trp185 Trp185 Cys186 Cys186 Leu187 Leu187 Pro188 Pro188 Lys189 Lys189 Pro190 Pro190 190Leu191 Leu191 Pro192 Pro192 Glu193 Glu193 Gly194 Gly194 Thr195 Thr195 Glu196 Glu196 Asp197 Asp197 Lys198 Lys198 Asp199 Asp199 Gln200 Gln200 200Thr201 Thr201 Ala202 Ala202 Thr203 Thr203 Ile204 Ile204 Pro205 Pro205 Ser206 Ser206 Leu207 Leu207 Ser208 Ser208 Ala209 Ala209 Met210 Met210 210Leu211 Leu211 Gly212 Gly212 Ala213 Ala213 Leu214 Leu214 Phe215 Phe215 Leu216 Leu216 Trp217 Trp217 Met218 Met218 Phe219 Phe219 Trp220 Trp220 220Pro221 Pro221 Ser222 Ser222 Phe223 Phe223 Asn224 Asn224 Ser225 Ser225 Ala226 Ala226 Leu227 Leu227 Leu228 Leu228 Arg229 Arg229 Ser230 Ser230 230Pro231 Pro231 Ile232 Ile232 Glu233 Glu233 Arg234 Arg234 Lys235 Lys235 Asn236 Asn236 Ala237 Ala237 Val238 Val238 Phe239 Phe239 Asn240 Asn240 240Thr241 Thr241 Tyr242 Tyr242 Tyr243 Tyr243 Ala244 Ala244 Val245 Val245 Ala246 Ala246 Val247 Val247 Ser248 Ser248 Val249 Val249 Val250 Val250 250Thr251 Thr251 Ala252 Ala252 Ile253 Ile253 Ser254 Ser254 Gly255 Gly255 Ser256 Ser256 Ser257 Ser257 Leu258 Leu258 Ala259 Ala259 His260 His260 260Pro261 Pro261 Gln262 Gln262 Gly263 Gly263 Lys264 Lys264 Ile265 Ile265 Ser266 Ser266 Lys267 Lys267 Thr268 Thr268 Tyr269 Tyr269 Val270 Val270 270His271 His271 Ser272 Ser272 Ala273 Ala273 Val274 Val274 Leu275 Leu275 Ala276 Ala276 Gly277 Gly277 Gly278 Gly278 Val279 Val279 Ala280 Ala280 280Val281 Val281 Gly282 Gly282 Thr283 Thr283 Ser284 Ser284 Cys285 Cys285 His286 His286 Leu287 Leu287 Ile288 Ile288 Pro289 Pro289 Ser290 Ser290 290Pro291 Pro291 Trp292 Trp292 Leu293 Leu293 Ala294 Ala294 Met295 Met295 Val296 Val296 Leu297 Leu297 Gly298 Gly298 Leu299 Leu299 Val300 Val300 300Ala301 Ala301 Gly302 Gly302 Leu303 Leu303 Ile304 Ile304 Ser305 Ser305 Val306 Val306 Gly307 Gly307 Gly308 Gly308 Ala309 Ala309 Lys310 Lys310 310Tyr311 Tyr311 Leu312 Leu312 Pro313 Pro313 Gly314 Gly314 Cys315 Cys315 Cys316 Cys316 Asn317 Asn317 Arg318 Arg318 Val319 Val319 Leu320 Leu320 320Gly321 Gly321 Ile322 Ile322 Pro323 Pro323 His324 His324 Ser325 Ser325 Ser326 Ser326 Ile327 Ile327 Met328 Met328 Gly329 Gly329 Tyr330 Tyr330 330Asn331 Asn331 Phe332 Phe332 Ser333 Ser333 Leu334 Leu334 Leu335 Leu335 Gly336 Gly336 Leu337 Leu337 Leu338 Leu338 Gly339 Gly339 Glu340 Glu340 340Ile341 Ile341 Ile342 Ile342 Tyr343 Tyr343 Ile344 Ile344 Val345 Val345 Leu346 Leu346 Leu347 Leu347 Val348 Val348 Leu349 Leu349 Asp350 Asp350 350Thr351 Thr351 Val352 Val352 Gly353 Gly353 Ala354 Ala354 Gly355 Gly355 Asn356 Asn356 Gly357 Gly357 Met358 Met358 Ile359 Ile359 Gly360 Gly360 360Phe361 Phe361 Gln362 Gln362 Val363 Val363 Leu364 Leu364 Leu365 Leu365 Ser366 Ser366 Ile367 Ile367 Gly368 Gly368 Glu369 Glu369 Leu370 Leu370 370Ser371 Ser371 Leu372 Leu372 Ala373 Ala373 Ile374 Ile374 Val375 Val375 Ile376 Ile376 Ala377 Ala377 Leu378 Leu378 Met379 Met379 Ser380 Ser380 380Gly381 Gly381 Leu382 Leu382 Leu383 Leu383 Thr384 Thr384 Gly385 Gly385 Leu386 Leu386 Leu387 Leu387 Leu388 Leu388 Asn389 Asn389 Leu390 Leu390 390Lys391 Lys391 Ile392 Ile392 Trp393 Trp393 Lys394 Lys394 Ala395 Ala395 Pro396 Pro396 His397 His397 Glu398 Glu398 Ala399 Ala399 Lys400 Lys400 400Tyr401 Tyr401 Phe402 Phe402 Asp403 Asp403 Asp404 Asp404 Gln405 Gln405 Val406 Val406 Phe407 Phe407 Trp408 Trp408 Lys409 Lys409 Phe410 Phe410 410Pro411 Pro411 His412 His412 Leu413 Leu413 Ala414 Ala414 Val415 Val415 Gly416 Gly416 Phe417 Phe417 417 MSSKYPRSVRRCLPLWALTLEAALILLFYFFTHYDASLEDQKGLVASYQVGQDLTVMAAIGLGFLTSSFRRHSWSSVAFNLFMLALGVQWAILLDGFLSQFPSGKVVITLFSIRLATMSALSVLISVDAVLGKVNLAQLVVMVLVEVTALGNLRMVISNIFNTDYHMNMMHIYVFAAYFGLSVAWCLPKPLPEGTEDKDQTATIPSLSAMLGALFLWMFWPSFNSALLRSPIERKNAVFNTYYAVAVSVVTAISGSSLAHPQGKISKTYVHSAVLAGGVAVGTSCHLIPSPWLAMVLGLVAGLISVGGAKYLPGCCNRVLGIPHSSIMGYNFSLLGLLGEIIYIVLLVLDTVGAGNGMIGFQVLLSIGELSLAIVIALMSGLLTGLLLNLKIWKAPHEAKYFDDQVFWKFPHLAVGF MSSKYPRSVRRCLPLWALTLEAALILLFYFFTHYDASLEDQKGLVASYQVGQDLTVMAAIGLGFLTSSFRRHSWSSVAFNLFMLALGVQWAILLDGFLSQFPSGKVVITLFSIRLATMSALSVLISVDAVLGKVNLAQLVVMVLVEVTALGNLRMVISNIFNTDYHMNMMHIYVFAAYFGLSVAWCLPKPLPEGTEDKDQTATIPSLSAMLGALFLWMFWPSFNSALLRSPIERKNAVFNTYYAVAVSVVTAISGSSLAHPQGKISKTYVHSAVLAGGVAVGTSCHLIPSPWLAMVLGLVAGLISVGGAKYLPGCCNRVLGIPHSSIMGYNFSLLGLLGEIIYIVLLVLDTVGAGNGMIGFQVLLSIGELSLAIVIALMSGLLTGLLLNLKIWKAPHEAKYFDDQVFWKFPHLAVGF MSSKYPRSVRRCLPLWALTLEAALILLFYFFTHYDASLEDQKGLVASYQVGQDLTVMAAIGLGFLTSSFRRHSWSSVAFNLFMLALGVQWAILLDGFLSQFPSGKVVITLFSIRLATMSALSVLISVDAVLGKVNLAQLVVMVLVEVTALGNLRMVISNIFNTDYHMNMMHIYVFAAYFGLSVAWCLPKPLPEGTEDKDQTATIPSLSAMLGALFLWMFWPSFNSALLRSPIERKNAVFNTYYAVAVSVVTAISGSSLAHPQGKISKTYVHSAVLAGGVAVGTSCHLIPSPWLAMVLGLVAGLISVGGAKYLPGCCNRVLGIPHSSIMGYNFSLLGLLGEIIYIVLLVLDTVGAGNGMIGFQVLLSIGELSLAIVIALMSGLLTGLLLNLKIWKAPHEAKYFDDQVFWKFPHLAVGF MSSKYPRSVRRCLPLWALTLEAALILLFYFFTHYDASLEDQKGLVASYQVGQDLTVMAAIGLGFLTSSFRRHSWSSVAFNLFMLALGVQWAILLDGFLSQFPSGKVVITLFSIRLATMSALSVLISVDAVLGKVNLAQLVVMVLVEVTALGNLRMVISNIFNTDYHMNMMHIYVFAAYFGLSVAWCLPKPLPEGTEDKDQTATIPSLSAMLGALFLWMFWPSFNSALLRSPIERKNAVFNTYYAVAVSVVTAISGSSLAHPQGKISKTYVHSAVLAGGVAVGTSCHLIPSPWLAMVLGLVAGLISVGGAKYLPGCCNRVLGIPHSSIMGYNFSLLGLLGEIIYIVLLVLDTVGAGNGMIGFQVLLSIGELSLAIVIALMSGLLTGLLLNLKIWKAPHEAKYFDDQVFWKFPHLAVGF

Structure mapping

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Links

The Human RhesusBase
Genbank:
Erythrogene

References

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  2. Denomme GA et al. Partial D, weak D types, and novel RHD alleles among 33,864 multiethnic patients: implications for anti-D alloimmunization and prevention. Transfusion, 2005. [Citation] [RHeference]
  3. Gassner C et al. Presence of RHD in serologically D-, C/E+ individuals: a European multicenter study. Transfusion, 2005. [Citation] [RHeference]
  4. Yu X et al. Outliers in RhD membrane integration are explained by variant RH haplotypes. Transfusion, 2006. [Citation] [RHeference]
  5. Polin H et al. Effective molecular RHD typing strategy for blood donations. Transfusion, 2007. [Citation] [RHeference]
  6. Yan L et al. Molecular basis of D variants in Chinese persons. Transfusion, 2007. [Citation] [RHeference]
  7. Müller SP et al. The determination of the fetal D status from maternal plasma for decision making on Rh prophylaxis is feasible. Transfusion, 2008. [Citation] [RHeference]
  8. Flegel WA et al. Six years' experience performing RHD genotyping to confirm D- red blood cell units in Germany for preventing anti-D immunizations. Transfusion, 2009. [Citation] [RHeference]
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  11. Brajovich ME et al. Comprehensive analysis of RHD alleles in Argentineans with variant D phenotypes. Transfusion, 2012. [Citation] [RHeference]
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  15. Haer-Wigman L et al. RHD and RHCE variant and zygosity genotyping via multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Transfusion, 2013. [Citation] [RHeference]
  16. Xhetani M et al. Distribution of Rhesus blood group antigens and weak D alleles in the population of Albania. Blood Transfus, 2014. [Citation] [RHeference]
  17. Gowland P et al. Molecular RHD screening of RhD negative donors can replace standard serological testing for RhD negative donors. Transfus Apher Sci, 2014. [Citation] [RHeference]
  18. Crottet SL et al. Implementation of a mandatory donor RHD screening in Switzerland. Transfus Apher Sci, 2014. [Citation] [RHeference]
  19. Scott SA et al. The RHD(1227G>A) DEL-associated allele is the most prevalent DEL allele in Australian D- blood donors with C+ and/or E+ phenotypes. Transfusion, 2014. [Citation] [RHeference]
  20. Costa S et al. RHD alleles and D antigen density among serologically D- C+ Brazilian blood donors. Transfus Med, 2014. [Citation] [RHeference]
  21. Ogasawara K et al. Molecular basis for D- Japanese: identification of novel DEL and D- alleles. Vox Sang, 2015. [Citation] [RHeference]
  22. C Henny et al. Impact of the mandatory donor RHD screening in Switzerland Vox Sanguinis, 2016. — Abstract — [RHeference]
  23. Stegmann TC et al. Frequency and characterization of known and novel RHD variant alleles in 37 782 Dutch D-negative pregnant women. Br J Haematol, 2016. [Citation] [RHeference]
  24. McGowan EC et al. Diverse and novel RHD variants in Australian blood donors with a weak D phenotype: implication for transfusion management. Vox Sang, 2017. [Citation] [RHeference]
  25. Tounsi WA et al. Complete RHD next-generation sequencing: establishment of reference RHD alleles. Blood Adv, 2018. [Citation] [RHeference]
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Last update: Jan. 7, 2021